Wednesday, 23 March 2011
Wednesday, 16 February 2011
Final Two Page Spread Layout Design
Evaluation of research and of finished two page layout
In this evaluation I will evaluate both the research that I did into self portrait photography, magazines using the same style as our final design and the final finished two page layout. I will start by evaluating the research that I completed. Whilst trying to think of different design ideas that I could use for the final design I came across a magazine style that worked with the design that I had been hoping for, the name of the magazine is "Metal Hammer" and this magazine style interested me because of the style of text used and the layout of both the images and the text on the page which I noticed suited the style I wanted to use in the two page layout. The style of the text interested me because it is simple but yet when put with the images on the page it stands out and it's also easy to read which means the reader won't have trouble working out what the text says. I also like the layout of the images as they aren't all put together in a pile, they are spread out and they also leave enough room for the text, which is the design layout I had chosen to use. The research into self portrait photography also helped me to plan my final design as the style of pictures were the same style that I wanted to use because the lighting was the right level of brightness and the subject stood out from the picture and although there wasn't any text in the picture I did experiment to see how effective adding text would be and the text worked which meant that my idea would be possible.
I' am pleased with how the final layout looks as it refers to my research and it uses the aspects that I wanted to use from the research. I feel that the images that I used in the final design do suite the style of the layout as they all have the same look also the background's are all similar and so they all link to each other on the page. I decided to use these images because they show the band members all in a different light this makes each picture look different even though they are all base around the same subject. Although at first finding the right images was hard it came down to the pictures that not only had the right style but also the ones that would suite the layout, which is exactly what the final images do. I’ am also happy with the text layout we decided to use as it suites the style I wanted to achieve and the text also works well with the images that are on the page, this was the main factor that I wanted to achieve because I have found that in some cases the text doesn't always suite the images and that is not what I wanted for the final layout.
If I were to do this project again I would perhaps try a different style of magazine layout as I think that there are some other magazine designs that would also work with the images I used in the final layout because they use the same style of text and imagery. I would also plan the photo shoot that I used to get the images better as we only did the shoot in a photography studio and I feel that if we had tried some location shots then I perhaps could have got a range of images rather than basic studio shots.
Overall I' am pleased with the final layout because it is in the style of the magazine I chose to base it around, and the images and text I chose to use work really well together to build up the layout, also the images and the text are both clear and they relate to each other which was the style I wanted to originally create for the layout.
Friday, 14 January 2011
Music students assignment
Research for Assignment with music students
Portrait photography or portraiture is the capture by means of photography of the likeness of a person or a small group of people (a group portrait), in which the face and expression is predominant. The objective is to display the likeness, personality, and even the mood of the subject. Like other types of portraiture, the focus of the photograph is the person's face, although the entire body and the background may be included. A portrait is generally not a snapshot, but a composed image of a person in a still position. A portrait often shows a person looking directly at the camera.
Unlike many other photography styles, the subjects of portrait photography are often non-professional models. Family portraits commemorating special occasions, such as graduations or weddings, may be professionally produced or may be vernacular and are most often intended for private viewing rather than for public exhibition.
However, many portraits are created for public display ranging from fine art portraiture, to commercial portraiture such as might be used to illustrate a company's annual report, to promotional portraiture such a might be found on a book jacket showing the author of the book.
Below are some examples of potrait photography:
Anton Corbijn
Anton Corbijn was born 20 May 1955; he is a Dutch photographer, music video and film director. He is the creative director behind the visual output of Depeche Mode and U2. Some of his works include music videos for Depeche Mode's "Enjoy the Silence"
(1990) and Nirvana's "Heart-Shaped Box" (1993), as well as the Ian Curtis biopic Control.
I like this music portrait because it shows a different side to the group members, Keith Richards’s posture in the picture makes him stand out from Mick Jagger (left). This means that the photograph is dominated by a simple change of a subject’s position in the frame. This is a style that I would like to try out.
I like this music picture portrait. I like it because the band members are all doing their own thing and they aren't worried what is happening.
I like this music portrait picture, I like it because it is different from most other portrait pictures as the subjects are in their own position in the frame rather than in just one position.
Jill Furmanovsky
Jill Furmanovsky is a rock photographer. She has photographed many of the biggest names in rock music, including: Bob Dylan, Led Zeppelin, Pink Floyd, Mike Oldfield, Bob Marley, Eric Clapton, Blondie, Police, The Plea The Clash, The Sex Pistols, The Pretenders, and Oasis. She has also produced videos for Oasis and The Pretenders, and continues to work in the music industry. Her book, The Moment - 25 Years of Rock Photography was published in 1995, and an exhibition of Oasis photographs, Was There Then, toured the UK and Ireland in 1997.
I like this music group shot, because the band members are all positioned in different part of the photo, I think this adds depth to the photograph as they are not all just standing beside each other.
I like this music portrait photo as it show the subject in another light - as in the picture they are about to smash their guitar on the stage. I think this show the energy that the subject puts in to his performances and I feel that if this picture had been done in a different style then it wouldn’t have the same effect on the people who viewed it.
I like this music portrait photo, I like it because of the posture of the subject as it separates them from the background and it show more than one side of the subject.
Main idea for shoot with the Music students
* Bleached background but contrasted enough that the band members stand out.
* Surgical mask on members – abandoned hospital style.
* Abandoned hospital style.
* Studio shoot.
Below are the ideas that we came up with when we talked to the Music students
After some dicussion we decided that the idea would be based around an abandoned hospital idea with all the band members wearing masks like the one below:
Studio shots
Below is the magazine layout that I will base the final layout around as the style of text and imagery used is the same as the style that I want to use in the layout:
So for the final idea we decided to shoot all of the shots in the studio with a white backdrop. We also chose for the band members to all be wearing plastic drama masks to cover their faces, and that we would then photoshop them into the picture when we had finished.
Final pics:
Above are the final images that we used to create the double page spread and below are the images layered onto the background that we chose to use:
Portrait photography or portraiture is the capture by means of photography of the likeness of a person or a small group of people (a group portrait), in which the face and expression is predominant. The objective is to display the likeness, personality, and even the mood of the subject. Like other types of portraiture, the focus of the photograph is the person's face, although the entire body and the background may be included. A portrait is generally not a snapshot, but a composed image of a person in a still position. A portrait often shows a person looking directly at the camera.
Unlike many other photography styles, the subjects of portrait photography are often non-professional models. Family portraits commemorating special occasions, such as graduations or weddings, may be professionally produced or may be vernacular and are most often intended for private viewing rather than for public exhibition.
However, many portraits are created for public display ranging from fine art portraiture, to commercial portraiture such as might be used to illustrate a company's annual report, to promotional portraiture such a might be found on a book jacket showing the author of the book.
Below are some examples of potrait photography:
Anton Corbijn
Anton Corbijn was born 20 May 1955; he is a Dutch photographer, music video and film director. He is the creative director behind the visual output of Depeche Mode and U2. Some of his works include music videos for Depeche Mode's "Enjoy the Silence"
(1990) and Nirvana's "Heart-Shaped Box" (1993), as well as the Ian Curtis biopic Control.
I like this music portrait because it shows a different side to the group members, Keith Richards’s posture in the picture makes him stand out from Mick Jagger (left). This means that the photograph is dominated by a simple change of a subject’s position in the frame. This is a style that I would like to try out.
I like this music picture portrait. I like it because the band members are all doing their own thing and they aren't worried what is happening.
I like this music portrait picture, I like it because it is different from most other portrait pictures as the subjects are in their own position in the frame rather than in just one position.
Jill Furmanovsky
Jill Furmanovsky is a rock photographer. She has photographed many of the biggest names in rock music, including: Bob Dylan, Led Zeppelin, Pink Floyd, Mike Oldfield, Bob Marley, Eric Clapton, Blondie, Police, The Plea The Clash, The Sex Pistols, The Pretenders, and Oasis. She has also produced videos for Oasis and The Pretenders, and continues to work in the music industry. Her book, The Moment - 25 Years of Rock Photography was published in 1995, and an exhibition of Oasis photographs, Was There Then, toured the UK and Ireland in 1997.
I like this music group shot, because the band members are all positioned in different part of the photo, I think this adds depth to the photograph as they are not all just standing beside each other.
I like this music portrait photo as it show the subject in another light - as in the picture they are about to smash their guitar on the stage. I think this show the energy that the subject puts in to his performances and I feel that if this picture had been done in a different style then it wouldn’t have the same effect on the people who viewed it.
I like this music portrait photo, I like it because of the posture of the subject as it separates them from the background and it show more than one side of the subject.
Main idea for shoot with the Music students
* Bleached background but contrasted enough that the band members stand out.
* Surgical mask on members – abandoned hospital style.
* Abandoned hospital style.
* Studio shoot.
Below are the ideas that we came up with when we talked to the Music students
After some dicussion we decided that the idea would be based around an abandoned hospital idea with all the band members wearing masks like the one below:
Studio shots
Below is the magazine layout that I will base the final layout around as the style of text and imagery used is the same as the style that I want to use in the layout:
So for the final idea we decided to shoot all of the shots in the studio with a white backdrop. We also chose for the band members to all be wearing plastic drama masks to cover their faces, and that we would then photoshop them into the picture when we had finished.
Final pics:
Above are the final images that we used to create the double page spread and below are the images layered onto the background that we chose to use:
Thursday, 16 December 2010
Research for presentation on Virgin Media
Virgin Media
Headquarters
Corporate: New York City, United States
Operational: Hook, England, UK
Products
Cable Television
Broadband
Telephone
Mobile phone
Revenue
$16.5 billion (2008)
Employees
22,500 (2005)
Website
virginmedia.com
Founded
NTL: 1991; Telewest: 1984; Virgin Mobile: 1999; Virgin.net: 1997
Key people
James Mooney (Chairman)
Neil Berkett CEO
Virgin Media Inc. is a British provider of television, telephone and broadband internet services to domestic and business customers in the UK, delivered primarily through its fibre-optic cable network, headquartered on paper in New York City with operations based in Hook, North Hampshire, UK. The company was formerly known as ntl:Telewest following the merger of NTL Incorporated with Telewest Global, Inc. A further merger with Virgin Mobile UK in 2006 created the first "quadruple-play" media company in the United Kingdom, bringing together television, Internet, mobile phone and fixed-line telephone services. As the only major cable company in the United Kingdom, it competes primarily with the other major pay-TV operator, satellite-based British Sky Broadcasting which currently has more channels than any other provider in the UK, and with Freeview, the free-to-air terrestrial service. While US-headquartered, Virgin Media only operates in the United Kingdom, with headquarters in Hook, Hampshire and its financial base in Bradford.
The UK's leading entertainment and communications company
Wondering who we are? Well, we're the first people in the UK to offer you TV, broadband, phone and mobile - all from one place.
The future is bursting with fresh entertainment and communication possibilities. That's why we're here - to bring all the excitement to you and make your digital place the brilliant place it should be.
Suddenly, everything is coming together, and we're the first people to provide you with a unique combination of:
- TV that puts you in control
- Superfast and reliable broadband
- Phone packages that fit around you
- Mobile service that gives you just what you want
Why choose us?
• The fastest broadband in the land
• Unlimited downloads with our fibre optic broadband
• Free Catch Up TV with all our TV packages
• Love us - or get your money back
Headquarters
Corporate: New York City, United States
Operational: Hook, England, UK
Products
Cable Television
Broadband
Telephone
Mobile phone
Revenue
$16.5 billion (2008)
Employees
22,500 (2005)
Website
virginmedia.com
Founded
NTL: 1991; Telewest: 1984; Virgin Mobile: 1999; Virgin.net: 1997
Key people
James Mooney (Chairman)
Neil Berkett CEO
Virgin Media Inc. is a British provider of television, telephone and broadband internet services to domestic and business customers in the UK, delivered primarily through its fibre-optic cable network, headquartered on paper in New York City with operations based in Hook, North Hampshire, UK. The company was formerly known as ntl:Telewest following the merger of NTL Incorporated with Telewest Global, Inc. A further merger with Virgin Mobile UK in 2006 created the first "quadruple-play" media company in the United Kingdom, bringing together television, Internet, mobile phone and fixed-line telephone services. As the only major cable company in the United Kingdom, it competes primarily with the other major pay-TV operator, satellite-based British Sky Broadcasting which currently has more channels than any other provider in the UK, and with Freeview, the free-to-air terrestrial service. While US-headquartered, Virgin Media only operates in the United Kingdom, with headquarters in Hook, Hampshire and its financial base in Bradford.
The UK's leading entertainment and communications company
Wondering who we are? Well, we're the first people in the UK to offer you TV, broadband, phone and mobile - all from one place.
The future is bursting with fresh entertainment and communication possibilities. That's why we're here - to bring all the excitement to you and make your digital place the brilliant place it should be.
Suddenly, everything is coming together, and we're the first people to provide you with a unique combination of:
- TV that puts you in control
- Superfast and reliable broadband
- Phone packages that fit around you
- Mobile service that gives you just what you want
Why choose us?
• The fastest broadband in the land
• Unlimited downloads with our fibre optic broadband
• Free Catch Up TV with all our TV packages
• Love us - or get your money back
Wednesday, 3 November 2010
Glossary
AUDIENCE
An audience is a group of people who participate in a show or encounter a work of art, literature, theatre, music or academics in any medium. Audience members participate in different ways in different kinds of art; some events invite overt audience participation and others allowing only modest clapping and criticism and reception.
ADVERTISING STANDARD AUTHORITY (ASA)
The ASA is the UK’s independent watchdog committed to maintaining high standards in advertising for the benefit of consumers, advertisers and society at large. They do this by applying the mandatory Advertising Codes to ensure that advertisements, wherever they appear, remain legal, decent, honest and truthful. Their work includes acting on and investigating complaints as well as proactively monitoring and taking action against misleading, harmful or offensive advertisements, sales promotions and direct marketing.
BROADCASTERS AUDIENCE RESEARCH BOARD (BARB)
BARB (Broadcasters' Audience Research Board) is the primary provider of television audience measurement in the UK. It covers all channels broadcasting across all platforms - terrestrial, satellite and cable in both analogue and digital. BARB audience measurement data underpins the trading currency for broadcasters, advertisers and their agencies. BARB is a non-profit making limited company, funded by the major players in the industry it supports - BBC, ITV, Channel 4, Five, BSkyB and the IPA (Institute of Practitioners in Advertising). Other broadcasters and a variety of businesses, for example research specialists, publishers and advertisers also contribute to the cost of running BARB by subscribing to the service.
BRITISH BOARD OF FILM CLASSIFICATION
The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC), originally British Board of Film Censors, is a non-governmental organisation, funded by the film industry and responsible for the national classification of films within the United Kingdom. It has a statutory requirement to classify videos, DVDs and some video games under the Video Recordings Act 2010.
BROADCASTING
Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and video content to a dispersed audience via radio, television, or other, often digital transmission media. Receiving parties may include the general public or other parties.
COMPANY SIZE: MAJOR COMPANIES (TNC)
TNC Management Group, based in Morristown New Jersey, provides expertise and experience in project management, business analytics, and management consulting for the Insurance industry.
COMPANY SIZE: BIG TO MEDIUM SIZED
A Medium sized business or mid-sized business has under 500 employees in the US, 250 in the European Union and fewer than 200 in Australia.
A Big sized business has under 1000 employees in the US, 500 in the European Union and fewer than 250 in Australia.
COMPANY SIZE: INDEPENDENT
A independant company is usually the same size as a big or medium company and so the number of employees is around the same.
CROSS MEDIA COMPANIES
Cross media marketing is a form of cross-promotion in which promotional companies commit to surpassing the traditional advertisements and decide to include extra appeals to their offered products. The material can be communicated by any mass media such as e-mails, letters, web pages, or other recruiting sources. This method can be extremely successful for publishers because the marketing increases the ad’s profit from a single advertiser. Furthermore, this tactic generates a good liaison between the advertiser and the publisher, which also boosts the profits.
HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION
In microeconomics and strategic management, the term horizontal integration describes a type of ownership and control. It is a strategy used by a business or corporation that seeks to sell a type of product in numerous markets. Horizontal integration in marketing is much more common than vertical integration is in production. Horizontal integration occurs when a firm is being taken over by, or merged with, another firm which is in the same industry and in the same stage of production as the merged firm, e.g. a car manufacturer merging with another car manufacturer.
INSTITUTION
An institution is any structure or mechanism of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of a set of individuals within a given human community. Institutions are identified with a social purpose and permanence, transcending individual human lives and intentions, and with the making and enforcing of rules governing cooperative human behavior.
NEW MEDIA INDUSTRY
The new media industry shares an open association with many market segments in areas such as software/video game design, television, radio, and particularly movies, advertising and marketing, through which industry seeks to gain from the advantages of two-way dialogue with consumers primarily through the Internet. The advertising industry has capitalized on the proliferation of new media with large agencies running multi-million dollar interactive advertising subsidiaries. Interactive websites and kiosks have become popular. In a number of cases advertising agencies have also set up new divisions to study new media. Public relations firms are also taking advantage of the opportunities in new media through interactive PR practices.
NARROWCASTING
Narrowcasting has traditionally been understood as the dissemination of information (usually by radio or television) to a narrow audience, not to the general public. Some forms of narrowcasting involve directional signals or use of encryption. In the context of out-of-home advertising, this term often refers to the display of content on a digital signage network. The term narrowcasting can also apply to the spread of information to an audience (private or public) which is by nature geographically limited — a group such as office employees, military troops, or conference attendees — and requires a localized dissemination of information from a shared source.
THE NATIONAL READERSHIP SURVEY
The National Readership Survey provides estimates of the readership of Britain’s major newspapers and consumer magazines, showing the size and nature of the audiences they achieve – the survey covers some over 250 newspapers, newspaper supplements and magazines.
OFFICE OF COMMUNICATIONS (OFCOM)
Ofcom is the communications regulator. They regulate the TV and radio sectors, fixed line telecoms and mobiles, plus the airwaves over which wireless devices operate.
PRESS COMPLAINTS COMMISSION (PCC)
The Press Complaints Commission (PCC) is a regulatory body for British printed newspapers and magazines, consisting of representatives of the major publishers. The PCC is funded by the annual levy it charges newspapers and magazines. It has no legal powers - all newspapers and magazines voluntarily contribute to the costs of the Commission, making the industry self-regulating.
PRIVATE OWNERSHIP
A company or object that is owned by private stockholders, as opposed to being owned by a government or person.
PUBLIC OWNERSHIP
Public property is property which is owned collectively by the people as a whole. This is in contrast to private property, owned by a individual person or artificial entities that represent the financial interests of persons, such as corporations. State ownership, also called public ownership, government ownership or state property, are property interests that are vested in the state, rather than an individual or communities.
PUBLIC SERVICE BROADCASTING
Public Service Broadcasting" (PSB) refers to broadcasting intended for the public benefit rather than for purely commercial concerns. The communications regulator Ofcom, requires that certain television and radio broadcasters fulfill certain requirements as part of their licence to broadcast. All of the BBC's television and radio stations have a public service remit, including those that broadcast digitally. Additionally, all stations broadcast on terrestrial analogue television - the regional Channel 3 companies (the ITV Network), GMTV, Channel 4, S4C in Wales, and Five - are obliged to provide public service programming as they can be viewed freely almost anywhere nationwide.
REGULATORY BODY
A regulatory body is like a professional body but it is not a membership organisation and its primary activity is to protect the public. Unlike professional bodies, it is established on the basis of legal mandate. In some countries, regulatory bodies control aspects of education. For example, the General Medical Council has regulatory power over medical education in the UK.
SELF REGULATORY BODY
A self-regulatory organization (SRO) is an organization that exercises some degree of regulatory authority over an industry or profession. The regulatory authority could be applied in addition to some form of government regulation, or it could fill the vacuum of an absence of government oversight and regulation. The ability of an SRO to exercise regulatory authority does not necessarily derive from a grant of authority from the government.
VERTICAL INTERGRATION
Vertically integrated companies in a supply chain are united through a common owner. Usually each member of the supply chain produces a different product or (market-specific) service, and the products combine to satisfy a common need. It is contrasted with horizontal integration.
An audience is a group of people who participate in a show or encounter a work of art, literature, theatre, music or academics in any medium. Audience members participate in different ways in different kinds of art; some events invite overt audience participation and others allowing only modest clapping and criticism and reception.
ADVERTISING STANDARD AUTHORITY (ASA)
The ASA is the UK’s independent watchdog committed to maintaining high standards in advertising for the benefit of consumers, advertisers and society at large. They do this by applying the mandatory Advertising Codes to ensure that advertisements, wherever they appear, remain legal, decent, honest and truthful. Their work includes acting on and investigating complaints as well as proactively monitoring and taking action against misleading, harmful or offensive advertisements, sales promotions and direct marketing.
BROADCASTERS AUDIENCE RESEARCH BOARD (BARB)
BARB (Broadcasters' Audience Research Board) is the primary provider of television audience measurement in the UK. It covers all channels broadcasting across all platforms - terrestrial, satellite and cable in both analogue and digital. BARB audience measurement data underpins the trading currency for broadcasters, advertisers and their agencies. BARB is a non-profit making limited company, funded by the major players in the industry it supports - BBC, ITV, Channel 4, Five, BSkyB and the IPA (Institute of Practitioners in Advertising). Other broadcasters and a variety of businesses, for example research specialists, publishers and advertisers also contribute to the cost of running BARB by subscribing to the service.
BRITISH BOARD OF FILM CLASSIFICATION
The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC), originally British Board of Film Censors, is a non-governmental organisation, funded by the film industry and responsible for the national classification of films within the United Kingdom. It has a statutory requirement to classify videos, DVDs and some video games under the Video Recordings Act 2010.
BROADCASTING
Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and video content to a dispersed audience via radio, television, or other, often digital transmission media. Receiving parties may include the general public or other parties.
COMPANY SIZE: MAJOR COMPANIES (TNC)
TNC Management Group, based in Morristown New Jersey, provides expertise and experience in project management, business analytics, and management consulting for the Insurance industry.
COMPANY SIZE: BIG TO MEDIUM SIZED
A Medium sized business or mid-sized business has under 500 employees in the US, 250 in the European Union and fewer than 200 in Australia.
A Big sized business has under 1000 employees in the US, 500 in the European Union and fewer than 250 in Australia.
COMPANY SIZE: INDEPENDENT
A independant company is usually the same size as a big or medium company and so the number of employees is around the same.
CROSS MEDIA COMPANIES
Cross media marketing is a form of cross-promotion in which promotional companies commit to surpassing the traditional advertisements and decide to include extra appeals to their offered products. The material can be communicated by any mass media such as e-mails, letters, web pages, or other recruiting sources. This method can be extremely successful for publishers because the marketing increases the ad’s profit from a single advertiser. Furthermore, this tactic generates a good liaison between the advertiser and the publisher, which also boosts the profits.
HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION
In microeconomics and strategic management, the term horizontal integration describes a type of ownership and control. It is a strategy used by a business or corporation that seeks to sell a type of product in numerous markets. Horizontal integration in marketing is much more common than vertical integration is in production. Horizontal integration occurs when a firm is being taken over by, or merged with, another firm which is in the same industry and in the same stage of production as the merged firm, e.g. a car manufacturer merging with another car manufacturer.
INSTITUTION
An institution is any structure or mechanism of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of a set of individuals within a given human community. Institutions are identified with a social purpose and permanence, transcending individual human lives and intentions, and with the making and enforcing of rules governing cooperative human behavior.
NEW MEDIA INDUSTRY
The new media industry shares an open association with many market segments in areas such as software/video game design, television, radio, and particularly movies, advertising and marketing, through which industry seeks to gain from the advantages of two-way dialogue with consumers primarily through the Internet. The advertising industry has capitalized on the proliferation of new media with large agencies running multi-million dollar interactive advertising subsidiaries. Interactive websites and kiosks have become popular. In a number of cases advertising agencies have also set up new divisions to study new media. Public relations firms are also taking advantage of the opportunities in new media through interactive PR practices.
NARROWCASTING
Narrowcasting has traditionally been understood as the dissemination of information (usually by radio or television) to a narrow audience, not to the general public. Some forms of narrowcasting involve directional signals or use of encryption. In the context of out-of-home advertising, this term often refers to the display of content on a digital signage network. The term narrowcasting can also apply to the spread of information to an audience (private or public) which is by nature geographically limited — a group such as office employees, military troops, or conference attendees — and requires a localized dissemination of information from a shared source.
THE NATIONAL READERSHIP SURVEY
The National Readership Survey provides estimates of the readership of Britain’s major newspapers and consumer magazines, showing the size and nature of the audiences they achieve – the survey covers some over 250 newspapers, newspaper supplements and magazines.
OFFICE OF COMMUNICATIONS (OFCOM)
Ofcom is the communications regulator. They regulate the TV and radio sectors, fixed line telecoms and mobiles, plus the airwaves over which wireless devices operate.
PRESS COMPLAINTS COMMISSION (PCC)
The Press Complaints Commission (PCC) is a regulatory body for British printed newspapers and magazines, consisting of representatives of the major publishers. The PCC is funded by the annual levy it charges newspapers and magazines. It has no legal powers - all newspapers and magazines voluntarily contribute to the costs of the Commission, making the industry self-regulating.
PRIVATE OWNERSHIP
A company or object that is owned by private stockholders, as opposed to being owned by a government or person.
PUBLIC OWNERSHIP
Public property is property which is owned collectively by the people as a whole. This is in contrast to private property, owned by a individual person or artificial entities that represent the financial interests of persons, such as corporations. State ownership, also called public ownership, government ownership or state property, are property interests that are vested in the state, rather than an individual or communities.
PUBLIC SERVICE BROADCASTING
Public Service Broadcasting" (PSB) refers to broadcasting intended for the public benefit rather than for purely commercial concerns. The communications regulator Ofcom, requires that certain television and radio broadcasters fulfill certain requirements as part of their licence to broadcast. All of the BBC's television and radio stations have a public service remit, including those that broadcast digitally. Additionally, all stations broadcast on terrestrial analogue television - the regional Channel 3 companies (the ITV Network), GMTV, Channel 4, S4C in Wales, and Five - are obliged to provide public service programming as they can be viewed freely almost anywhere nationwide.
REGULATORY BODY
A regulatory body is like a professional body but it is not a membership organisation and its primary activity is to protect the public. Unlike professional bodies, it is established on the basis of legal mandate. In some countries, regulatory bodies control aspects of education. For example, the General Medical Council has regulatory power over medical education in the UK.
SELF REGULATORY BODY
A self-regulatory organization (SRO) is an organization that exercises some degree of regulatory authority over an industry or profession. The regulatory authority could be applied in addition to some form of government regulation, or it could fill the vacuum of an absence of government oversight and regulation. The ability of an SRO to exercise regulatory authority does not necessarily derive from a grant of authority from the government.
VERTICAL INTERGRATION
Vertically integrated companies in a supply chain are united through a common owner. Usually each member of the supply chain produces a different product or (market-specific) service, and the products combine to satisfy a common need. It is contrasted with horizontal integration.
Wednesday, 29 September 2010
Mini Assignment 2
Professional Codes of Practice
ASA
The Advertising Standard Authority is the UK's independent regulator of advertising across all media, including TV, internet, sales promotions and direct marketing. Their role is to ensure ads are legal, decent, honest and truthful by applying the Advertising Codes. The ASA is self-regulatory which allows them to maintain the high standards laid down in the Advertising Codes, which are designed to protect consumers and create a level playing field for advertisers.
Two examples of specific codes that the ASA put into practice include the CAP - The Committees of Advertising Practice are the industry bodies responsible for the UK’s advertising Codes. And the BCAP - the British Code of Advertising practice which is a code of practice that applies specifically to non-broadcast advertisements.
NUJ
The National Union of Journalist’s is the voice for journalists and journalism. They are an active, campaigning organisation seeking to improve the pay and conditions of their members and working to protect and promote media freedom, professionalism and ethical standards in all media.
Two examples of specific codes that the NUJ put into practice include: 1) a journalist at all times upholds and defends the principle of media freedom, the right of freedom of expression and the right of the public to be informed, 2) a journalist Strives to ensure that information disseminated is honestly conveyed, accurate and fair.
PCC
The Press Complaints commission is a regulatory body for British printed newspapers and magazines, consisting of representatives of the major publishers. The PCC is funded by the annual levy it charges newspapers and magazines. It has no legal powers - all newspapers and magazines voluntarily contribute to the costs of, and adhere to the rulings of, the Commission, making the industry self-regulating. Two examples of specific codes that the PCC put into practice include:
Privacy
1) Everyone is entitled to respect for his or her private and family life, home, health and correspondence, including digital communications.
2) Editors will be expected to justify intrusions into any individual's private life without consent. Account will be taken of the complainant's own public disclosures of information.
3) It is unacceptable to photograph individuals in private places without their consent.
In terms of privacy some incidents can have an effect on privacy an example of which are super injuctions these are legal issues concerning privacy (what should and shouldn't be kept from the public) An example of a super injuction was the superinjunction raised in September 2009 by Carter-Ruck solicitors on behalf of oil trader Trafigura, prohibiting the reporting of an internal Trafigura report into the 2006 Côte d'Ivoire toxic waste dump scandal. These issues usually are picked up by the Media and are then broadcast to the public (e.g. the Twitter super injuction issue that is in the news at the moment), other privacy issues involving celebrities taking out super injunctions include the footballer Ryan Giggs, how has recently been revealed as the mystery footballer who had an affair and then took out a super injuction to stop people form talking about it. The issue of super injuctions is now under serious revisle this is because an MP ( Lib Dem MP John Hemming) used his Parliamentary privilege to name Ryan Giggs as the man at the centre of the super injunction row, this has now put the idea of super injuctions under threat becuase of the contreversy behind them.
Harassment
1) Journalists must not engage in intimidation, harassment or persistent pursuit.
2) They must not persist in questioning, telephoning, pursuing or photographing individuals once asked to desist; nor remain on their property when asked to leave and must not follow them. If requested, they must identify themselves and whom they represent.
3) Editors must ensure these principles are observed by those working for them and take care not to use non-compliant material from other sources.
Workplace codes
• Make sure your work is of a professional standard at all times.
• Don’t be late for work.
• Make sure that your work is completed on deadlines.
Legal and Ethical Restrictions
Criminal Law & Civil Law
Criminal law is enforced by the government and includes rules with the potential for severe impositions as punishment for failure to comply. Criminal punishment, depending on the offense and jurisdiction, may;include execution, loss of liberty, government supervision (parole or probation), or fines. Civil law is different to criminal law because it can be enforced by private parties this includes dealing with disputes between individuals and/or organizations, in which compensation may be awarded to the victim. For instance, if a car crash victim claims damages against the driver for loss or injury sustained in an accident, this will be a civil law case.
Health and Safety
• Whilst doing a photo-shoot be aware of hot materials as these can be a potential fire hazard.
• Be aware of backdrops as these can be a hazard if you trip over them.
• Don’t run during the photo-shoot as you may trip over objects laying in the way.
• Be aware of any spillages and clean them up if you see them as these can be a potential hazard.
• Make sure everyone on the shoot knows the health and safety rules so that they also know what they should and shouldn’t do.
Copyright
Copyright is a set of exclusive rights granted to the author or creator of an original work, including the right to copy, distribute and adapt the work. Copyright does not protect ideas, only their expression or fixation. Initially copyright law only applied to the copying of books. Over time other uses such as translations and derivative works were made subject to copyright and copyright now covers a wide range of works, including maps, dramatic works, paintings, photographs, sound recordings, motion pictures and computer programs. Copyright protects the author or creator from companies or people from copying their idea, and the copyright can prosecute the rival person or company.
Libel Law
Defamation
Defamation is the communication of a statement that makes a claim, expressly stated or implied to be factual, that may give an individual, business, product, group, government, or nation a negative image.
Libel
Libel is a false or malicious statement published in mainstream media (i.e. on the internet, in a magazine, etc.)
Slander
Slander is the same as libel and is a false or malicious statement published in mainstream media (i.e. on the internet, in a magazine, etc.)
Data protection
The Data Protection Act is a United Kingdom Act of Parliament which defines UK law on the processing of data on identifiable living people. It is the main piece of legislation that governs the protection of personal data in the UK. Although the Act itself does not mention privacy, it was enacted to bring UK law into line with the European Directive of 1995 which required Member States to protect people's fundamental rights and freedoms and in particular their right to privacy with respect to the processing of personal data. In practice it provides a way for individuals to control information about themselves.
Ethics
• Teenagers have been treated unfairly in the media because they are thought of as being anti-social which is stereotypical because this is what teenagers are portrayed as being in films and TV shows.
• Celebrities have been treated unfairly in the media because their lives are constantly under media coverage and stories about them aren’t usually true.
An example of where celebrities have been treated unfairly is the "Twitter super injuction issue" where celebritie's names have been leaked to the public and so their carrer could be under threat because of the information about them.
• Religious groups have been treated unfairly by the media because they are constantly under surveillance and they are being found to have done something wrong, for example the abuse of children by priests.
ASA
The Advertising Standard Authority is the UK's independent regulator of advertising across all media, including TV, internet, sales promotions and direct marketing. Their role is to ensure ads are legal, decent, honest and truthful by applying the Advertising Codes. The ASA is self-regulatory which allows them to maintain the high standards laid down in the Advertising Codes, which are designed to protect consumers and create a level playing field for advertisers.
Two examples of specific codes that the ASA put into practice include the CAP - The Committees of Advertising Practice are the industry bodies responsible for the UK’s advertising Codes. And the BCAP - the British Code of Advertising practice which is a code of practice that applies specifically to non-broadcast advertisements.
NUJ
The National Union of Journalist’s is the voice for journalists and journalism. They are an active, campaigning organisation seeking to improve the pay and conditions of their members and working to protect and promote media freedom, professionalism and ethical standards in all media.
Two examples of specific codes that the NUJ put into practice include: 1) a journalist at all times upholds and defends the principle of media freedom, the right of freedom of expression and the right of the public to be informed, 2) a journalist Strives to ensure that information disseminated is honestly conveyed, accurate and fair.
PCC
The Press Complaints commission is a regulatory body for British printed newspapers and magazines, consisting of representatives of the major publishers. The PCC is funded by the annual levy it charges newspapers and magazines. It has no legal powers - all newspapers and magazines voluntarily contribute to the costs of, and adhere to the rulings of, the Commission, making the industry self-regulating. Two examples of specific codes that the PCC put into practice include:
Privacy
1) Everyone is entitled to respect for his or her private and family life, home, health and correspondence, including digital communications.
2) Editors will be expected to justify intrusions into any individual's private life without consent. Account will be taken of the complainant's own public disclosures of information.
3) It is unacceptable to photograph individuals in private places without their consent.
In terms of privacy some incidents can have an effect on privacy an example of which are super injuctions these are legal issues concerning privacy (what should and shouldn't be kept from the public) An example of a super injuction was the superinjunction raised in September 2009 by Carter-Ruck solicitors on behalf of oil trader Trafigura, prohibiting the reporting of an internal Trafigura report into the 2006 Côte d'Ivoire toxic waste dump scandal. These issues usually are picked up by the Media and are then broadcast to the public (e.g. the Twitter super injuction issue that is in the news at the moment), other privacy issues involving celebrities taking out super injunctions include the footballer Ryan Giggs, how has recently been revealed as the mystery footballer who had an affair and then took out a super injuction to stop people form talking about it. The issue of super injuctions is now under serious revisle this is because an MP ( Lib Dem MP John Hemming) used his Parliamentary privilege to name Ryan Giggs as the man at the centre of the super injunction row, this has now put the idea of super injuctions under threat becuase of the contreversy behind them.
Harassment
1) Journalists must not engage in intimidation, harassment or persistent pursuit.
2) They must not persist in questioning, telephoning, pursuing or photographing individuals once asked to desist; nor remain on their property when asked to leave and must not follow them. If requested, they must identify themselves and whom they represent.
3) Editors must ensure these principles are observed by those working for them and take care not to use non-compliant material from other sources.
Workplace codes
• Make sure your work is of a professional standard at all times.
• Don’t be late for work.
• Make sure that your work is completed on deadlines.
Legal and Ethical Restrictions
Criminal Law & Civil Law
Criminal law is enforced by the government and includes rules with the potential for severe impositions as punishment for failure to comply. Criminal punishment, depending on the offense and jurisdiction, may;include execution, loss of liberty, government supervision (parole or probation), or fines. Civil law is different to criminal law because it can be enforced by private parties this includes dealing with disputes between individuals and/or organizations, in which compensation may be awarded to the victim. For instance, if a car crash victim claims damages against the driver for loss or injury sustained in an accident, this will be a civil law case.
Health and Safety
• Whilst doing a photo-shoot be aware of hot materials as these can be a potential fire hazard.
• Be aware of backdrops as these can be a hazard if you trip over them.
• Don’t run during the photo-shoot as you may trip over objects laying in the way.
• Be aware of any spillages and clean them up if you see them as these can be a potential hazard.
• Make sure everyone on the shoot knows the health and safety rules so that they also know what they should and shouldn’t do.
Copyright
Copyright is a set of exclusive rights granted to the author or creator of an original work, including the right to copy, distribute and adapt the work. Copyright does not protect ideas, only their expression or fixation. Initially copyright law only applied to the copying of books. Over time other uses such as translations and derivative works were made subject to copyright and copyright now covers a wide range of works, including maps, dramatic works, paintings, photographs, sound recordings, motion pictures and computer programs. Copyright protects the author or creator from companies or people from copying their idea, and the copyright can prosecute the rival person or company.
Libel Law
Defamation
Defamation is the communication of a statement that makes a claim, expressly stated or implied to be factual, that may give an individual, business, product, group, government, or nation a negative image.
Libel
Libel is a false or malicious statement published in mainstream media (i.e. on the internet, in a magazine, etc.)
Slander
Slander is the same as libel and is a false or malicious statement published in mainstream media (i.e. on the internet, in a magazine, etc.)
Data protection
The Data Protection Act is a United Kingdom Act of Parliament which defines UK law on the processing of data on identifiable living people. It is the main piece of legislation that governs the protection of personal data in the UK. Although the Act itself does not mention privacy, it was enacted to bring UK law into line with the European Directive of 1995 which required Member States to protect people's fundamental rights and freedoms and in particular their right to privacy with respect to the processing of personal data. In practice it provides a way for individuals to control information about themselves.
Ethics
• Teenagers have been treated unfairly in the media because they are thought of as being anti-social which is stereotypical because this is what teenagers are portrayed as being in films and TV shows.
• Celebrities have been treated unfairly in the media because their lives are constantly under media coverage and stories about them aren’t usually true.
An example of where celebrities have been treated unfairly is the "Twitter super injuction issue" where celebritie's names have been leaked to the public and so their carrer could be under threat because of the information about them.
• Religious groups have been treated unfairly by the media because they are constantly under surveillance and they are being found to have done something wrong, for example the abuse of children by priests.
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